Acid-Sensing Ion Channels 2a and 3 Heteromultimerize to Form pH-Sensitive Channels in Mouse Cardiac Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons

Rationale: Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are Na channels that are activated by acidic pH. Their expression in cardiac afferents and remarkable sensitivity to small pH changes has made them leading candidates to sense cardiac ischemia. Objective: Four genes encode six different ASIC subunits, however it is not yet clear which of the ASIC subunits contribute to the composition of ASICs in cardiac afferents. Methods and Results: Here, we labeled cardiac afferents using a retrograde tracer dye in mice, which allowed for patch-clamp studies of murine cardiac afferents. We found that a higher percentage of cardiac sensory neurons from the dorsal root ganglia respond to acidic pH and generated larger currents compared to those from the nodose ganglia. The ASIC-like current properties of the cardiac dorsal root ganglia neurons from wild-type mice most closely matched the properties of ASIC2a/3 heteromeric channels. This was supported by studies in ASIC-null mice: acid-evoked currents from ASIC3 / cardiac afferents matched the properties of ASIC2a channels, and currents from ASIC2 / cardiac afferents matched the properties of ASIC3 channels. Conclusions: We conclude that ASIC2a and -3 are the major ASIC subunits in cardiac dorsal root ganglia neurons and provide potential molecular targets to attenuate chest pain and deleterious reflexes associated with cardiac disease. (Circ Res. 2009;105:279-286.)